Meningitis Symptoms, Causes & Prevention
MENINGITIS
This is an infection of the coverings of the brain, and is most commonly
caused by bacteria. Other causative organisms are viruses, fungi and
protozoa. One type, cerebrospinal meningitis (CSM), caused by Neisseria
meningitides, is common in the northern and upper regions of Ghana, and
usually occurs in epidemics during the harmattan season. This type is
contagious and usually presents with a short history. The presentation may
sometimes be confused with cerebral malaria.
SYMPTOMS
- Fever
- Neck pains
- Severe headaches
- Photophobia
- Coma
- Convulsions
- Vomiting
SIGNS
- Fever
- Neck stiffness
- Positive Kernig’s sign
- Altered consciousness
Children less than 1 year old:
SYMPTOMS
- Fever
- Irritability
- Refusal to eat
- Poor sucking
- Vomiting
- Drowsiness and weak cry
- Focal or generalized convulsions after which the child is sleepy
- Presence or absence of neck stiffness
- Lethargy
- Bulging fontanelle
- Coma
SIGNS
- Neck may be retracted and arched backwards
- Presence or absence of fever
- Bulging fontanelle
- Coma
- Hypotonia/ hypertonia
- Convulsion�
PREVENTION OF MENINGITIS
👉Wash your hands properly : The simple act of washing your hands before and after eating, after using the toilet, spending time in a crowded public place or petting animals can be effective against meningitis. By doing so, you help prevent the spread of germs and other agents that cause this illness.
👉Avoid sharing personal items with others: Refrain from sharing eating utensils, drinking glasses and cups, lip balms or toothbrushes with other people. Having close contact with secretions like saliva, nasal mucus or sputum (also known as phlegm ) from an infected person could raise your risk for meningitis .
👉Cover your mouth or nose when you cough or sneeze: If you have the urge to cough or sneeze, always cover your mouth or nose, because this could eventually spread meningitis-causing viruses or bacteria.
👉 Maintain a healthy lifestyle: A healthy immune system could effectively ward off agents that could trigger meningitis.
👉Make sure to get enough sleep , exercise regularly and consume a diet that contains high amounts of fruits and vegetables, moderate quantities of grass-fed protein and substantial portions of healthy fats.
NOTE: When you experience any of the above sign or symptom, do not hesitate to report to any health facility near you for immediate medical intervention.
Credits: Compiled by A-ansim Abotiyire Robert.
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